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What is Cerebral Palsy?

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of neurological disorders that appear in infancy or early childhood and permanently affect body movement and muscle coordination. It is caused by abnormal development or damage to parts of the brain that control movement, balance, and posture. CP is the most common motor disability in childhood and is estimated to affect two to three of every 1,000 children in the United States.

CP can range from very mild to severe and is classified into four main types: spastic, dyskinetic, ataxic, and mixed. Spastic cerebral palsy is the most common type, affecting 70 to 80 percent of individuals with CP. It is characterized by stiff and jerky movements caused by high muscle tone.

Dyskinetic cerebral palsy is a form of CP that involves slow, involuntary movements that often cause a person to twist their arms and legs. Ataxic cerebral palsy is the least common type of CP and is characterized by problems with coordination, balance, and depth perception. Mixed cerebral palsy is a combination of the other types of CP and can vary in severity.

Unfortunately, there is no cure for CP, but there are many treatments available to help improve a person's mobility and quality of life. Physical, occupational, and speech therapies can help to improve muscle strength, coordination, balance, and communication skills. In some cases, orthopedic surgery may be necessary to correct joint deformities or to relieve pain.

In addition to physical therapies, it is important to provide emotional support for those with CP. Individuals with CP may benefit from counseling to help them cope with the physical and emotional challenges of living with a disability. Social activities, such as support groups and recreational activities, can also help to improve quality of life.

CP is a lifelong condition, and although it cannot be cured, there are many treatments and therapies available that can help to improve the quality of life for those affected. With the right support and treatment, individuals with CP can live happy and fulfilling lives.